Remote Sensing of Induced Liquefaction: TLS and SfM for a Full-Scale Blast Test

Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and drone-based structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetry allowed the study of soil deformations due to blast-induced liquefaction during an experiment carried out on 4 June 2018. The research aimed at both evaluating measurement quality estimating rammed aggregate piers (RAPs) effectiveness in mitigating effects liquefaction. These mainly consist subsidence deposits ejected extruded materials. comparison between multitemporal 3D models provided surface variation maps volume changes. In addition, classical topographical leveling subsurface vertical displacement along a specific cross section. results pointed significant reduction, higher than 50% deformation areas improved by RAPs installation; moreover, corresponding variations were no more about 37% those occurred not area. Finally, critical remote sensing suggested that could underestimate area lowering up 15% this kind terrain.